Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog

Earl's rain bands move over New England; Gaston regenerating?
Posted by: Dr. Jeff Masters, 9:09 PM GMT on September 03, 2010 +1
Hurricane Earl has remained roughly constant in intensity over the past six hours, as it heads north-northeast at 20 mph towards New England. The latest center fix from the Hurricane Hunters, at 1:14pm EDT, found the pressure had remained constant since late morning, at 961 mb. Long range radar out of Long Island shows that Earl's outermost spiral bands have already brought as much as one inch of rain to portions of Massachusetts and Rhode Island, with lesser amounts on Long Island and in Connecticut.


Figure 1. Afternoon radar image from the Long Island, New York radar.

Forecast for Earl
The latest set of model runs from 8am EDT (12Z) this morning show little change to Earl's track. Earl is still expected to pass 20 - 50 miles southeast of Nantucket and Cape Cod, Massachusetts, at about 2am Saturday. The latest SHIPS model forecast of wind shear continues to show that shear will increase to the high range, 20 - 30 knots, on Saturday. Ocean temperatures will plunge to 20°C early Saturday morning, resulting in considerable weakening. Earl will probably be a strong tropical storm with 70 mph winds early Saturday morning, when it will make its closest approach to New England, and have 65 mph winds on Saturday afternoon, when it is expected to make landfall in Nova Scotia or New Brunswick, Canada. I have no substantive changes to make to the impacts likely for New England and Canada that I discussed in this morning's post.


Figure 2. Wind field analysis of Hurricane Earl from 3:30pm EDT Friday, September 3, 2010. Note the 15 mph (13 kt) asymmetry in Earl's wind field, caused by the storm's forward motion of 20 mph to the north-northeast at the time. The highest contour had top winds of 65 kt (75 mph) surrounding the "+" on the east side of Earl--the strong right front quadrant of the storm. However, winds on the left (northwest) side were just 52 knots (60 mph.) The asymmetry was greater--about 20 mph--at 6:30 am EDT this morning. Image credit: NOAA/AOML/Hurricane Research Division.

Fiona
Tropical Storm Fiona has changed little this afternoon. Satellite loops continue to show that Fiona is a naked swirl of low clouds with just one diminishing spot of heavy thunderstorms on the southwest side of the circulation. High wind shear from Earl should continue to affect Fiona over the next two days, and will probably destroy the storm on Saturday.


Figure 3. Afternoon satellite image of Gaston's remains.

Gaston may be regenerating
Recent satellite imagery continues to show that Gaston's remains are re-organizing. Gaston has a broad surface circulation, but not enough heavy thunderstorm activity to be considered a tropical depression. A large amount of dry air lies to the west and north of Gaston's remains, as seen on water vapor satellite loops. This dry air will continue to be a major impediment to development. The latest SHIPS model forecast predicts shear will remain moderate, 10 - 15 knots, for the next five days. The winds creating the shear are coming from the east, where the atmosphere is relatively moist, so this shear will be less harmful than usual for development. NHC is giving Gaston a 50% chance of regenerating into a tropical depression by Sunday; I put these odds higher, at 60%. The GFS, UKMET, and GFDL models develop Gaston and predict it will move though the Lesser Antilles on Wednesday. The NOGAPS and HWRF models also develop Gaston, but predict a slower motion, bringing the storm near the northern Lesser Antilles 6 - 7 days from now. Given the steady increase in organization of Gaston's remains today and high degree of model support for regeneration, I expect Gaston will be a tropical storm again, early next week.

99L
A tropical wave (99L) between the coast of Africa and the Cape Verdes Islands, is moving northwestward at about 10 mph. The wave has a bit of spin to it, and a modest amount of heavy thunderstorms. Wind shear has dropped to 20 - 25 knots, and will decrease to the moderate range, 10 - 20 knots, Saturday through Monday. The system will move over the Cape Verdes Islands over the weekend, bringing gusty winds and heavy rain squalls. NHC is giving the wave a 30% chance of developing by Sunday afternoon. Several models develop 99L into a tropical depression, but head it northwest into a region of very high wind shear that destroys the system by Wednesday.

Next post
I'll have an update Saturday by 1pm.

Jeff Masters
Hurricane Earl on the Outer Banks NC (OBXNCWEATHER)
Gas station in Nags Head, NC that fell victim to Hurricane Earl's winds.
Hurricane Earl on the Outer Banks NC
Earl's waves (StormJunkie)
Earl's waves
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801. CosmicEvents 6:02 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
000
ABNT20 KNHC 040559
TWOAT
TROPICAL WEATHER OUTLOOK
NWS TPC/NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL
200 AM EDT SAT SEP 4 2010

FOR THE NORTH ATLANTIC...CARIBBEAN SEA AND THE GULF OF MEXICO...

THE NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER IS ISSUING ADVISORIES ON RECENTLY
DOWNGRADED TROPICAL STORM EARL...LOCATED ABOUT 105 MILES
EAST-SOUTHWEST OF NANTUCKET MASSACHUSETTS.

THE REMNANT LOW OF GASTON LOCATED ABOUT 1150 MILES EAST OF THE
LEEWARD ISLANDS IS MOVING WESTWARD AT AROUND 10 MPH. SHOWERS AND
THUNDERSTORMS HAVE CONTINUED TO INCREASE NEAR AND TO THE NORTHWEST
OF THE CENTER OF CIRCULATION...AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ARE
CONDUCIVE FOR GRADUAL DEVELOPMENT. IF THUNDERSTORMS CONTINUE TO
FORM NEAR THE CENTER...THEN ADVISORIES COULD BE RE-INITIATED ON
THIS SYSTEM LATER TODAY. THERE IS A HIGH CHANCE...70 PERCENT...
OF THIS SYSTEM BECOMING A TROPICAL CYCLONE AGAIN DURING THE NEXT
48 HOURS.

SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS ASSOCIATED WITH AN ELONGATED AREA OF LOW
PRESSURE LOCATED BETWEEN THE WEST COAST OF AFRICA AND THE CAPE
VERDE ISLANDS HAVE CHANGED LITTLE THIS EVENING. ENVIRONMENTAL
CONDITIONS ARE MARGINALLY CONDUCIVE FOR SOME SLOW DEVELOPMENT
DURING THE NEXT COUPLE OF DAYS. THERE IS A MEDIUM CHANCE...30
PERCENT...OF THIS SYSTEM BECOMING A TROPICAL CYCLONE DURING THE
NEXT 48 HOURS AS IT MOVES NORTHWESTWARD NEAR 10 MPH.

AN AREA OF DISTURBED WEATHER HAS DEVELOPED OVER THE SOUTHERN BAY OF
CAMPECHE. DEVELOPMENT OF THIS SYSTEM...IF ANY...SHOULD BE SLOW TO
OCCUR DUE TO PROXIMITY TO LAND. THERE IS A LOW CHANCE...10
PERCENT...OF THIS SYSTEM BECOMING A TROPICAL CYCLONE DURING THE
NEXT 48 HOURS AS IT MOVES NORTHWESTWARD AT 5 TO 10 MPH.

THE REMNANT CIRCULATION OF FORMER TROPICAL DEPRESSION FIONA IS
LOCATED ABOUT 90 MILES SOUTHEAST OF BERMUDA. ENVIRONMENTAL
CONDITIONS ARE CURRENTLY UNFAVORABLE FOR REGENERATION OF THIS
SYSTEM. THERE IS A LOW CHANCE...NEAR 0 PERCENT...OF THIS SYSTEM
BECOMING A TROPICAL CYCLONE DURING THE NEXT 48 HOURS AS IT
MOVES NORTHEASTWARD AT 15 TO 20 MPH.

ELSEWHERE...TROPICAL CYCLONE FORMATION IS NOT EXPECTED DURING THE
NEXT 48 HOURS.
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802. TampaSpin 6:03 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
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804. yamil20 6:03 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Wow 70 % and it looks like it may go into caribean, that is the least thing we need, lets wai and see. G'nite everyone
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805. Orcasystems 6:03 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Bed time... I updated everything...and I am out of here :)



AOI

AOI

AOI

AOI

AOI

AOI


TS BUSTED FORECAST ALIBI
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806. SouthDadeFish 6:04 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting SouthFMY:
The Gaston blow up looks freaky. Has anybody seen something like that before? It doesn't look like a diurnal event.
I've seen it many times. The fact that it has persisted this long is a good indicator that he is strengthening. Those are some pretty cold cloud tops he has goin, but the size of the convection isn't all that impressive. If he keeps this up he will easily be a TD sometime later today.
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807. KoritheMan 6:04 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting btwntx08:
wow they mention the boc already that was quick


Well this is Stewart we're talking about. He's probably the least conservative forecaster there.
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808. xcool 6:04 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
btwntx08
getting more and more active
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810. xcool 6:05 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Member Since: September 26, 2009 Posts: 2 Comments: 15501
813. xcool 6:06 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    




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814. SouthDadeFish 6:08 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Notice on the NHC outlook map we have a TS symbol, a TD symbol, a red, orange, and yellow circle. The only thing missing is a hurricane! Welcome to the peak of hurricane season.
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815. KoritheMan 6:08 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting SouthFMY:
The Gaston blow up looks freaky. Has anybody seen something like that before? It doesn't look like a diurnal event.


It's been rather obvious since this afternoon that it wasn't simply a diurnal process. The fact that Gaston was able to generate and sustain convection near its center throughout the day yesterday was an obvious indicator that the dry air is lessening and he is becoming self-sustaining.
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816. TampaSpin 6:09 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
The LLC of Fiona went North while the MIDLEVEL circulation went South and is now near or over the Dominican Republic.
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817. FLPandhandleJG 6:09 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    




Nice T'storms.. But anyways Aloha.. Night all.. football all day tomorrow and partying.. Yeehaa!!!
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818. CosmicEvents 6:10 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting StSimonsIslandGAGuy:
CosmicEvents was a big topic in weatherchat about 2 hours ago.
Well, I hope it was all good, lol. But if not, some say bad publicity is better than none.
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819. TampaSpin 6:11 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
I don't see anything happening in the BOC! A system is forming in the Pacific to close to the BOC for anything to form.
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820. 7544 6:11 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
gaston looks good he may get upgraded in the am back to a td a bit of dry air ahead to deal with then boom as he moves westard acroos the atl .
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821. xcool 6:12 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    


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822. FLPandhandleJG 6:12 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting TampaSpin:
I don't see anything happening in the BOC! A system is forming in the Pacific to close to the BOC for anything to form.


I don't see it either but stranger things have happen..

But Gnight all
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825. KoritheMan 6:13 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting 7544:
gaston looks good he may get upgraded in the am back to a td a bit of dry air ahead to deal with then boom as he moves westard acroos the atl .


Trouble:

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826. alexhurricane1991 6:13 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting TampaSpin:
I don't see anything happening in the BOC! A system is forming in the Pacific to close to the BOC for anything to form.
Actually i agree with you just a lot of rain for mexico but nothing organized.
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827. swflurker 6:15 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    



Rank Hurricane Season Pressure
hPa inHg
1 Wilma 2005 882 26.0
2 Gilbert 1988 888 26.2
3 "Labor Day" 1935 892 26.3
4 Rita 2005 895 26.4
5 Allen 1980 899 26.5
6 Katrina 2005 902 26.6
7 Camille 1969 905 26.7
Mitch 1998 905 26.7
Dean 2007 905 26.7
10 "Cuba" 1924 910 26.9
Ivan 2004 910 26.9
Source: HURDAT[1]

After striking the Keys, the hurricane weakened as it paralleled the west coast of Florida. It made a second landfall in northwest Florida near Cedar Key as a Category 2 hurricane on September 4. It
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829. KoritheMan 6:16 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting btwntx08:
gaston is about back and ecwmf says no sorry ecmwf u most likely got this system wrong


It's been doing terribly ever since Fiona, really. It's a good model to be sure, but it's not gospel.
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830. Ryuujin 6:17 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting KoritheMan:


Trouble:



I'm terrible at reading those maps, but is that an Anti-cyclone forming over Gaston?
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831. swflurker 6:17 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Not sure where all the storms originated from!
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832. KoritheMan 6:18 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting Ryuujin:


I'm terrible at reading those maps, but is that an Anti-cyclone forming over Gaston?


Yes. That's exactly what I was getting at.
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833. StormGoddess 6:19 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Gaston looks a lot stronger than he did this morning.
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834. xcool 6:19 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    

What's Wrong With ECMWF need update too.
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835. Ryuujin 6:19 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting KoritheMan:


Yes. That's exactly what I was getting at.


Yay! I read it correctly. Now an Anti-Cyclone helps a Tropical Cyclone because it essentially voids out any or most shear, right?
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838. Ryuujin 6:21 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting btwntx08:
for those that havent seen

Wow that's one heck of a Hi Pressure gridlock over the North Atlantic
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839. swflurker 6:22 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Six hours after becoming a hurricane, Andrew was predicted to make landfall near Jupiter, Florida with winds of 105 miles per hour (169 km/h).[13] The hurricane accelerated as it tracked due westward into an area of very favorable conditions, and late on August 22 began rapidly intensifying; in a 24 hour period the pressure dropped 47 mbar to a minimum pressure of 922 mbar.[1] On August 23 the cyclone attained Category 5 status on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, and at 1800 UTC Hurricane Andrew reached peak winds of 175 miles per hour (282 km/h) while located a short distance off Eleuthera island in the Bahamas
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841. KoritheMan 6:23 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting Ryuujin:


Yay! I read it correctly. Now an Anti-Cyclone helps a Tropical Cyclone because it essentially voids out any or most shear, right?


In simplest terms, yes.

EDIT: But for an anticyclone to be beneficial to the growth and development of a tropical cyclone, it must be directly (or near so) collocated atop the surface center of the tropical cyclone. Otherwise, it can actually act to shear the system.
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842. swflurker 6:23 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
That I know was an Atlantic storm
FYI Stsimmons
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844. TampaSpin 6:24 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Tired ......NIte all.
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845. Ryuujin 6:24 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting KoritheMan:


In simplest terms, yes.


That's the best way my sleep addled brain can understand it at the moment. So thanks. That coupled with that ginormous Hi pressure lockdown doesn't spell roses for the Carib or the Gulf atm.
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846. Ryuujin 6:25 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting KoritheMan:


In simplest terms, yes.

EDIT: But for an anticyclone to be beneficial to the growth and development of a tropical cyclone, it must be directly (or near so) collocated atop the surface center of the tropical cyclone. Otherwise, it can actually act to shear the system.


Yeah, that part I knew. I was just assuming we were talking about one being on top of him because of my prior mention.
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847. Johnhopefan 6:25 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
The Gaston blob looka like one of those systems that could get a HUGE EYE like Isabel, unlike wimpy Earl.

Most of the locals up here on the news are disappointed as well. They didn't want another '38 or Carol but they did want an April 2007 or March 2010 Nor easter type storm!
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848. KoritheMan 6:25 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
Quoting Ryuujin:


That's the best way my sleep addled brain can understand it at the moment. So thanks. That coupled with that ginormous Hi pressure lockdown doesn't spell roses for the Carib or the Gulf atm.


Well the future steering is rather complicated, to say the least. Whilst we're pretty certain that Gaston enters the Caribbean, where goes after that is up to speculation at this point.
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850. cccidojr1 6:27 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
hey guys ! what r the chances of this new invest in GOM developing??
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851. superweatherman 6:27 AM GMT on September 04, 2010    
xcool can you put some of the models last frames
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About JeffMasters
Jeff co-founded the Weather Underground in 1995 while working on his Ph.D. He flew with the NOAA Hurricane Hunters from 1986-1990.

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