Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog

Typhoon Roke batters Japan; Ophelia forms in the Central Atlantic
Posted by: Dr. Jeff Masters, 1:28 PM GMT on September 21, 2011 +18
Typhoon Roke hit Japan near Hamamatsu at 14:00 JST Wednesday as a Category 1 typhoon with 80 mph winds. Roke brought sustained winds of 62 mph, gusting to 83 mph to the Tokyo airport at 5:25 pm local time, and a wind gust of 89 mph was reported at Shizuhama Airbase. Roke has dumped heavy rains of 155 mm (6.20") at Hamamatsu and 125 mm (4.86") at Tokyo. Damage due to flooding from Roke's heavy rains will likely be the main problem from Roke, as the soils over much of Japan are saturated from the passage of Tropical Storm Talas during the first week of September. Talas was a very slow moving storm, and brought extreme rainfall amounts of over six feet to some portions of Japan. Roke brought winds less than 25 mph to the damaged Fukishima-Dai-Iche nuclear plant northeast of Tokyo, and heavy rains of 189 mm (7.50") to Hirono, located 8 miles south of the plant.


Figure 1. Radar image of Typhoon Roke as it made landfall at 14:00 JST on September 21, 2011. The typhoon brought a large area of rainfall of 50 mm/hr (2"/hr) to Japan. Image credit: Japan Meteorological Agency.


Figure 2. MODIS image of Typhoon Roke taken at 3:55 UTC on Wednesday, September 21, 2011. At the time, Roke was a Category 1 storm with 80 mph winds. Image credit: NASA.

Tropical Storm Ophelia forms in the Atlantic
Tropical Storm Ophelia formed last night in the Central Atlantic from the tropical wave (Invest 98L) we've been tracking this week. Satellite imagery shows that Ophelia is suffering the classic symptoms of high wind shear, with the low level center of circulation exposed to view, and the storm's heavy thunderstorms pushed to the northeast side of the center of circulation. An analysis of wind shear from the University of Wisconsin CIMMS group shows a high 20 - 30 knots of wind shear due to strong upper level west-southwesterly winds affecting Ophelia. We don't have any ship, buoy, or hurricane hunter observations of Ophelia's winds, but an ASCAT pass from 7:27 pm EDT last night found top winds of 45 mph in the northeast quadrant of the storm. Ophelia will be passing south of buoy 41041 late tonight. Water vapor satellite images show dry air to the the west of Ophelia, and the strong upper level west-southwesterly winds bringing high wind shear to the storm are also injecting dry air into the storm's core, interfering with development.


Figure 3. Morning satellite image of Ophelia showing the low-level center exposed to view, with all the storm's heavy thunderstorms pushed to the northeast side.

Forecast for Ophelia
The latest SHIPS model forecast predicts that Ophelia will experience moderate to high wind shear of 10 - 25 knots over the next five days, and will move into a region with drier air. The combination of shear and dry air should keep Ophelia from strengthening, and could dissipate the storm, as predicted by the ECMWF and HWRF models. The Northern Lesser Antilles could see some wind gusts of 30 - 40 mph and heavy rain squalls from Ophelia on Saturday and Sunday, but right now it looks unlikely that the islands would see sustained tropical storm force winds of 39+ mph, since they are likely to be on Ophelia's weaker (dry) side. At longer ranges, Bermuda will have to keep an eye on Ophelia, since a large cut-off low pressure system over the Eastern U.S. should turn Ophelia to the northwest and then north early next week. Ophelia may eventually be a threat to Canada, but it is too early to assess the odds of this happening.

Ophelia is the 15th named storm this year, putting 2011 in 10th place for the most number of named storms in a year. Ophelia's formation date of September 21 puts 2011 in 4th place for earliest date of arrival of the season's 15th storm. Only 2005, 1936, and 1933 had an earlier 15th storm. With only three of this year's fifteen storms reaching hurricane strength, though, this year has been near average for destructive potential. Atlantic hurricane records go back to 1851.

Jeff Masters
Categories: Hurricane
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103. Vlad959810 5:48 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting CaribBoy:
Finally 2011 is not as active considering we have only sick stuffs like Ophelia... weak, sheared, exposed..

Right
Member Since: July 14, 2011 Posts: 0 Comments: 46
104. TXMegaWatt 5:49 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting basti11:



i just may do that next year...im working on it..


Oh geez! His ego wont allow him to see the jokes on him.
Member Since: December 28, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 77
111. hcubed 6:03 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting basti11:
i have all year preached about the saharan dust and the trofs that would be off the eastcoast..but unfortunately there is nothing to protect south florida from the train thats going to form in the caribbean sea...south fla could get hit by as many as 3 hurricanes in october a month to remember...i did say major hurricane also would affect south fla in october...


...but, according to your earlier "forecasts", at no time will they go into the gulf, or affect anywhere north of Georgia.

"...i have said september 21 was the end of hurricane season for the GOM and east coast from georgia north...includes n carolina..."

Exactly what track do you give these south fla storms?
Member Since: May 18, 2007 Posts: 286 Comments: 1639
114. cmahan 6:13 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting WeatherWx:


if you dont use those models what gives you this god-like infallibility?


His cranky brain-meat.
Member Since: September 7, 2010 Posts: 0 Comments: 143
116. GTcooliebai 6:18 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
This afternoons run of the Euro is still running, last nights run has a storm in the Eastern Gulf moving towards Southwest FL. at 192hrs. 9/30. This afternoons run of the GFS shows a similar scenario, but on 10/4.

00z ECMWF
Link

12z GFS
Link
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119. Tazmanian 6:24 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Ophelia looks like lee
Member Since: May 21, 2006 Posts: 5088 Comments: 111355
120. GTcooliebai 6:24 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
BTW the 12z ECMWF has Opehelia completely missing the islands to the north, but loses it will making that turn.
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121. TropicalWeatherGrl88 6:25 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting GTcooliebai:
This afternoons run of the Euro is still running, last nights run has a storm in the Eastern Gulf moving towards Southwest FL. at 192hrs. 9/30. This afternoons run of the GFS shows a similar scenario, but on 10/4.

00z ECMWF
Link

12z GFS
Link


Hello GT I wouldn't worry to much about those runs just yet. They have been showing that pattern for awhile now. I am sure it is bound to happen sometime, but when it does I am sure it will be no stronger then a tropical storm or maybe not even that. This year has been very weird. It just doesn't seem anything can get going. I was far from a downcaster, but this year has sort of changed that.
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122. GTcooliebai 6:26 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Hey look 99L is back on board with its neked swirl :P

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123. FtMyersgal 6:26 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting Tazmanian:
Ophelia looks like lee


That would not be good for PR as they could get a lot of rain as Ophelia passes by. Something they don't need more of...
Member Since: September 16, 2010 Posts: 0 Comments: 1001
124. Tazmanian 6:28 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
guys


this hurricane season has been a vary bad one it olny takes ONE too make it a bad season Hurricane Irene and lee did a lot of damg in the back E
Member Since: May 21, 2006 Posts: 5088 Comments: 111355
126. CaribBoy 6:30 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
12 EURO = fish (or bermuda again) tssss
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128. tropicfreak 6:32 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting basti11:


its not a joke im afraid south fla and the keys are in real trouble for october...im talking formation right after the other...i would not at all be surprised for south fla to get hit 3 times in october..


Now I'm convinced stormtop, thank you.
Member Since: September 2, 2006 Posts: 110 Comments: 6566
129. TropicTraveler 6:33 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting GTcooliebai:
Hey look 99L is back on board with its neked swirl :P



Well somebody did say earlier that clothing was optional this afternoon.
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131. FtMyersgal 6:34 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
How fast is Ophelia moving?
Member Since: September 16, 2010 Posts: 0 Comments: 1001
132. GTcooliebai 6:34 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting TropicalWeatherGrl88:


Hello GT I wouldn't worry to much about those runs just yet. They have been showing that pattern for awhile now. I am sure it is bound to happen sometime, but when it does I am sure it will be no stronger then a tropical storm or maybe not even that. This year has been very weird. It just doesn't seem anything can get going. I was far from a downcaster, but this year has sort of changed that.
Oh yeah I agree with this season being very weird, I mean in the midst of a weak La Nina, one would think stronger storms, I mean the numbers don't lie we've already had 15 named storms, but we've only had 3 Hurricanes 2 of which became major Hurricanes. But I did mention a couple days ago that the wild card of this season has been ULL's. Now some might mention the presence of dry air and lack of instability, but I find it amazing even in downward motion of the MJO we still see storms like Ophelia developing. So I think the whole instability thing is overrated, and maybe it is the dry air from the downward motion of the MJO which causes subsidence that are killing off these storms. Correct me if I'm wrong, but didn't Irene form during downward motion of the MJO?
Member Since: August 31, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 5191
134. GTcooliebai 6:38 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting WeatherWx:

must be global warmin........errr...oops. That one slipped.
Well Global Warming would cause bigger and stronger storms from what I read on this blog.
Member Since: August 31, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 5191
135. WaterWitch11 6:41 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
OPHELIA
Derived from Greek οφελος (ophelos) meaning "help". This name was probably created by the 15th-century poet Jacopo Sannazaro for a character in his poem 'Arcadia'. It was borrowed by Shakespeare for his play 'Hamlet' (1600), in which it belongs to Hamlet's lover who eventually goes insane and drowns herself. In spite of this, the name has been used since the 19th century.
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136. serialteg 6:42 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
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137. scott39 6:42 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
It wouldnt suprise me, to see 4 more TCs, 3 Hurricanes....1 at cat 3 or above, to come out of the Western caribbean between Sept 31st thru Oct. 25th. The enviroment is going to be ripe!
Member Since: June 13, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 6207
138. CaribBoy 6:45 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting serialteg:


Currently passing right over me. We have a light rain right now and its mostly cloudy to overcast. But of course nothing significant lol this is actually very pathetic! WHERE ARE THE CONVECTION 99L had at DMAX!!!!!!!!!! BORING..
Member Since: October 6, 2007 Posts: 0 Comments: 2854
139. GTcooliebai 6:46 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting CaribBoy:


Currently passing right over me. We have a light rain right now and its mostly cloudy to overcast. But of course nothing significant lol this is actually very pathetic! WHERE ARE THE CONVECTION 99L had at DMAX!!!!!!!!!! BORING..
The convection is probably sheared from the TUTT.
Member Since: August 31, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 5191
141. CaribBoy 6:47 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
I m sorry OPHELIA isn't MOVING WEST 270 AT ALL!!!! SHE IS MOVING WNW... OUT TO SEA
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142. CaribBoy 6:48 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting GTcooliebai:
The convection is probably sheared from the TUTT.


you are probably right
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143. hcubed 6:48 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting FtMyersgal:
How fast is Ophelia moving?


I believe the last advisory said 16mph to the West
Member Since: May 18, 2007 Posts: 286 Comments: 1639
144. scott39 6:50 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting WeatherWx:


hey you're using stormtop's script!

I dont know who stormtop is, but if you look at the upcoming MJO in 10 to 15 days and lowering pressures in the Western Caribbean....my speculation is realistic.
Member Since: June 13, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 6207
146. FtMyersgal 6:53 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting hcubed:


I believe the last advisory said 16mph to the West

Thank you hcubed. Busy at work and can't get the time to check out NHC advisories. Again much appreciate it!
Member Since: September 16, 2010 Posts: 0 Comments: 1001
147. scott39 6:54 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting WeatherWx:


probably better that you dont find out.lol
Im glad I cleared that up then. Lol
Member Since: June 13, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 6207
149. VRagman 6:56 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Would need to see the raw data on the Roke rainfall. Otherwise, I suspect the 60+ was in centimeters, and got exaggerated to inches somewhere along the line.
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150. CaribBoy 6:58 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
i love the GFDL track! It would give me great sensations :)
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151. jascott1967 7:01 PM GMT on September 21, 2011    
Quoting basti11:


its not a joke im afraid south fla and the keys are in real trouble for october...im talking formation right after the other...i would not at all be surprised for south fla to get hit 3 times in october..


Guess I need to cancel my vacation I had planned for Palm Beach.
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About JeffMasters
Jeff co-founded the Weather Underground in 1995 while working on his Ph.D. He flew with the NOAA Hurricane Hunters from 1986-1990.

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